Overview

Switchable™ glass operates using advanced PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal) technology that allows glass to change instantly between transparent and opaque states when electrical current is applied. This technology is laminated within the glass structure, enabling controllable privacy without mechanical shading systems.

The transition between states is immediate and can be controlled using switches, sensors, remote systems, or automated building controls.

The Science Behind Switchable™ Glass

At the core of Switchable™ glass is a thin interlayer containing microscopic liquid crystal droplets dispersed within a polymer matrix. This layer is sealed between sheets of glass during manufacturing, forming a laminated structure.

The behaviour of these liquid crystals determines whether the glass appears clear or opaque.

Opaque State (Power Off)

When no electrical current is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are randomly oriented. This irregular arrangement scatters incoming light in multiple directions, preventing clear visibility through the glass and creating a frosted, opaque appearance.

Key characteristics of the opaque state:

• Provides instant privacy
• Diffuses light evenly
• Maintains brightness within the space
• No mechanical shading required

Transparent State (Power On)

When a low electrical current is applied, the liquid crystal molecules align in a uniform direction. This alignment allows light to pass through the glass with minimal scattering, restoring transparency and clear visibility.

Key characteristics of the transparent state:

• Clear optical appearance
• Maintains natural light transmission
• Instant switching response
• Stable, uniform clarity

In simple terms, electrical power aligns microscopic liquid crystals, allowing Switchable™ glass to change instantly from opaque to clear.

The Switching Process

The change between opaque and transparent states occurs immediately when power is switched on or off. The glass remains opaque when unpowered and becomes transparent when powered.

The process is:

• Power off → liquid crystals scatter light → glass appears opaque
• Power on → liquid crystals align → glass becomes transparent

This switching can be controlled manually or integrated into automated systems.

Electrical and Control Systems

Switchable™ glass requires a low-voltage electrical supply to operate. Power is only required to maintain the transparent state. Control options include:

• Wall switches
• Remote control systems
• Sensors or automation triggers
• Building management system integration

Electrical components are typically concealed within the glazing or framing system.

Laminated Structure

Switchable™ glass is manufactured as laminated glass incorporating the PDLC interlayer. The structure typically includes:

• Outer glass pane
• PDLC liquid crystal interlayer
• Inner glass pane

This laminated configuration protects the PDLC layer and ensures consistent long-term performance.

Light Diffusion and Visibility

In its opaque state, Switchable™ glass diffuses light rather than blocking it completely. This allows natural light to remain within a space while preventing clear visibility, maintaining brightness and reducing glare.

In its transparent state, the glass allows light to pass through with minimal distortion.

Performance Characteristics

Switchable™ glass provides:

• Instant switching between states
• Even light diffusion when opaque
• Stable clarity when transparent
• Low power consumption
• No moving parts
• Consistent performance over time

These characteristics make it suitable for environments requiring flexible privacy and clean design.

Where This Technology is Used

Switchable™ glass technology is commonly used in:

• Commercial office partitions and meeting rooms
• Healthcare privacy applications
• Residential bathrooms and glazing features
• Hospitality environments
• Retail and display spaces
• Specialist controlled environments

Its ability to provide instant privacy without physical shading systems makes it a versatile glazing solution.

Learn More

For a full explanation of benefits, applications, installation, lifespan, and specification guidance, see the Complete Guide to Switchable™ Glass.

To explore additional technical answers, comparisons, and detailed explanations, visit the Your Questions Explained knowledge hub.

For a simple overview and definition of the technology, see What is Switchable™ Glass?

Frequently Asked Questions

What causes Switchable™ glass to change from opaque to clear?
An electrical current aligns microscopic liquid crystals within the PDLC interlayer, allowing light to pass through and making the glass transparent.

Does Switchable™ glass stay clear without power?
No. When power is removed, the liquid crystals return to a scattered state and the glass becomes opaque.

Is the switching process instant?
Yes. The transition between opaque and transparent states occurs immediately when power is switched on or off.

Does Switchable™ glass require continuous power?
Power is required only to maintain the transparent state. When unpowered, the glass remains opaque.

Does Switchable™ glass reduce light?
In opaque mode, it diffuses light rather than blocking it, helping maintain brightness within a space.